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1.
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) ; (12): 739-747, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-939806

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the important methods for the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). In-sent restenosis (ISR) after PCI for patients suffered from CAD is considered to be an essential factor affecting long-term outcomes and prognosis of this disease. This study aims to investigate the correlation between plasma Quaking (QKI) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels and ISR in patients with CAD.@*METHODS@#A total of 218 consecutive CAD patients who underwent coronary angiography and coronary arterial stenting from September 2019 to September 2020 in the Department of Cardiology of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were enrolled in this study, and 35 matched individuals from the physical examination center were served as a control group. After admission, clinical data of these 2 groups were collected. Plasma QKI and COX-2 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Follow-up angiography was performed 12 months after PCI. CAD patients were divided into a NISR group (n=160) and an ISR group (n=58) according to the occurrence of ISR based on the coronary angiography. The clinical data, coronary angiography, and stent features between the NISR group and the ISR group were compared, and multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing ISR. The occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) 1 year after operation was recorded. Fifty-eight patients with ISR were divided into an MACE group (n=24) and a non-MACE group (n=34), classified according to the occurrence of MACE, and the plasma levels of QKI and COX-2 were compared between the 2 groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to analyze the diagnostic value of plamsa levels of QKI and COX-2 for ISR and MACE occurrences in patients after PCI.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, plasma levels of QKI and COX-2 in the CAD group decreased significantly (all P<0.001). Compared with the NISR group, the plasma levels of QKI and COX-2 also decreased obviously in the ISR group (all P<0.001), while the levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) significantly increased (all P<0.001). The level of COX-2 was negatively correlated with hs-CRP (r=-0.385, P=0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high level of plasma QKI and COX-2 were protective factors for in-stent restenosis after PCI, while hs-CRP was a risk factor. ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of plasma QKI for evaluating the predictive value of ISR were 77.5% and 66.5%, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity of plasma COX-2 for evaluating the predictive value of ISR were 80.0% and 70.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma QKI combined with COX-2 for evaluating the predictive value of ISR were 81.3% and 74.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma QKI for evaluating the prognosis of ISR were 75.0% and 64.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma COX-2 for evaluating the prognosis of ISR were 75.0% and 70.6%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma QKI combined with COX-2 for prognostic evaluation of ISR were 81.7% and 79.4%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma COX-2 combined with QKI for evaluating ISR and MACE occurrences in patients after PCI were better than those of COX-2 or QKI alone (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#High level of plasma QKI and COX-2 might be a protective factor for ISR, which can also predict ISR patient's prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Constriction, Pathologic/etiology , Coronary Angiography/adverse effects , Coronary Artery Disease , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Cyclooxygenase 2 , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Stents/adverse effects
2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 112(1): 40-47, Jan. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973839

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: In multivessel disease patients with moderate stenosis, fractional flow reserve (FFR) allows the analysis of the lesions and guides treatment, and could contribute to the cost-effectiveness (CE) of non-pharmacological stents (NPS). Objectives: To evaluate CE and clinical impact of FFR-guided versus angiography-guided angioplasty (ANGIO) in multivessel patients using NPS. Methods: Multivessel disease patients were prospectively randomized to FFR or ANGIO groups during a 5 year-period and followed for < 12 months. Outcomes measures were major adverse cardiac events (MACE), restenosis and CE. Results: We studied 69 patients, 47 (68.1%) men, aged 62.0 ± 9.0 years, 34 (49.2%) in FFR group and 53 (50.7%) in ANGIO group, with stable angina or acute coronary syndrome. In FFR, there were 26 patients with biarterial disease (76.5%) and 8 (23.5%) with triarterial disease, and in ANGIO, 24 (68.6%) with biarterial and 11 (31.4%) with triarterial disease. Twelve MACEs were observed - 3 deaths: 2 (5.8%) in FFR and 1 (2.8%) in ANGIO, 9 (13.0%) angina: 4(11.7%) in FFR and 5(14.2%) in ANGIO, 6 restenosis: 2(5.8%) in FFR and 4 (11.4%) in ANGIO. Angiography detected 87(53.0%) lesions in FFR, 39(23.7%) with PCI and 48(29.3%) with medical treatment; and 77 (47.0%) lesions in ANGIO, all treated with angioplasty. Thirty-nine (33.3%) stents were registered in FFR (0.45 ± 0.50 stents/lesion) and 78 (1.05 ± 0.22 stents/lesion) in ANGIO (p = 0.0001), 51.4% greater in ANGIO than FFR. CE analysis revealed a cost of BRL 5,045.97 BRL 5,430.60 in ANGIO and FFR, respectively. The difference of effectiveness was of 1.82%. Conclusion: FFR reduced the number of lesions treated and stents, and the need for target-lesion revascularization, with a CE comparable with that of angiography.


Resumo Fundamentos: Em pacientes multiarteriais e lesões moderadas, a reserva de fluxo fracionada (FFR) avalia cada lesão e direciona o tratamento, podendo ser útil no custo-efetividade (CE) de implante de stents não farmacológicos (SNF). Objetivos: Avaliar CE e impacto clínico da angioplastia + FFR versus angioplastia + angiografia (ANGIO), em multiarteriais, utilizando SNF. Métodos: pacientes com doença multiarteriais foram randomizados prospectivamente durante ±5 anos para FFR ou ANGIO, e acompanhados por até 12 meses. Foram avaliados eventos cardíacos maiores (ECAM), reestenose e CE. Resultados: foram incluídos 69 pacientes, 47(68,1%) homens, 34(49,2%) no FFR e 35(50,7%) no ANGIO, idade 62,0 ± 9,0 anos, com angina estável e Síndrome Coronariana Aguda estabilizada. No FFR, havia 26 com doença (76,5%) biarterial e 8 (23,5%) triarterial, e no grupo ANGIO, 24(68,6%) biarteriais e 11(31,4%) triarteriais. Ocorreram 12(17,3%) ECAM - 3(4,3%) óbitos: 2(5,8%) no FFR e 1(2,8%) no ANGIO, 9(13,0%) anginas, 4(11,7%) no FFR e 5(14,2%) no ANGIO, 6 reestenoses: 2(5,8%) no FFR e 4 (11,4%) no ANGIO. Angiografia detectou 87(53,0%) lesões no FFR, 39(23,7%) com ICP e 48(29,3%) com tratamento clínico; e 77(47,0%) lesões no ANGIO, todas submetidas à angioplastia. Quanto aos stents, registrou-se 39(33,3%) (0,45 ± 0,50 stents/lesão) no FFR e 78(66,6%) (1,05 ± 0,22 stents/lesão) no ANGIO (p = 0,0001); ANGIO utilizou 51,4% a mais que o FFR. Análise de CE revelou um custo de R$5045,97 e R$5.430,60 nos grupos ANGIO e FFR, respectivamente. A diferença de efetividade foi 1,82%. Conclusões: FFR diminuiu o número de lesões tratadas e de stents e necessidade de revascularização do vaso-alvo, com CE comparável ao da angiografia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/methods , Coronary Angiography/methods , Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial/physiology , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Angina, Stable/therapy , Time Factors , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/economics , Stents , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Coronary Angiography/economics , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Statistics, Nonparametric , Coronary Restenosis/mortality , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Acute Coronary Syndrome/economics , Acute Coronary Syndrome/pathology , Angina, Stable/economics , Angina, Stable/mortality
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(4): 277-283, Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887947

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The place of drug-eluting balloons (DEB) in the treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR) is not well-defined, particularly in a population of all-comers with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Objective: Compare the clinical outcomes of DEB with second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) for the treatment of ISR in a real-world population with a high proportion of ACS. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with ISR treated with a DEB compared to patients treated with a second-generation DES was performed. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization). Comparisons were performed using Cox proportional hazards multivariate adjustment and Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank. Results: The cohort included 91 patients treated with a DEB and 89 patients treated with a DES (74% ACS). Median follow-up was 26 months. MACE occurred in 33 patients (36%) in the DEB group, compared to 17 patients (19%) in the DES group (p log-rank = 0.02). After multivariate adjustment, there was no significant difference between the groups (HR for DEB = 1.45 [95%CI: 0.75-2.83]; p = 0.27). Mortality rates at 1 year were 11% with DEB, and 3% with DES (p = 0.04; adjusted HR = 2.85 [95%CI: 0.98-8.32]; p = 0.06). Conclusion: In a population with a high proportion of ACS, a non-significant numerical signal towards increased rates of MACE with DEB compared to second-generation DES for the treatment of ISR was observed, mainly driven by a higher mortality rate. An adequately-powered randomized controlled trial is necessary to confirm these findings.


Resumo Fundamento: O papel de balões farmacológicos (BFs) no tratamento de reestenose intra-stent (RIS) não está bem definido, particularmente em na síndrome coronária aguda (SCA). Objetivo: Comparar desfechos clínicos do uso de BF com stents farmacológicos (SFs) de segunda geração no tratamento de RIS em uma população real com alta prevalência de SCA. Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva de pacientes consecutivos com RIS tratados com um BF comparados a pacientes tratados com SF de segunda geração. O desfecho primário incluiu eventos cardiovasculares adversos importantes (morte por todas as causas, infarto do miocárdio não fatal, e revascularização da lesão alvo). As comparações foram realizadas pelo modelo proporcional de riscos de Cox ajustado e análise de Kaplan-Meier com log-rank. Resultados: A coorte incluiu 91 pacientes tratados com BF e 89 pacientes tratados com um SF (75% com SCA). O tempo mediano de acompanhamento foi de 26 meses. Eventos cardiovasculares adversos importantes ocorreram em 33 pacientes (36%) no grupo BF, e em 17 (19%) no grupo SF (p log-rank = 0,02). Após ajuste multivariado, não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos (HR para BF = 1,45 [IC95%: 0,75-2,83]; p = 0,27). As taxas de mortalidade de 1 ano foram 11% com BF, e 3% com SF (p = 0,04; HR ajustado = 2,85 [IC95%: 0,98-8,32; p = 0,06). Conclusão: Em uma população com alta prevalência de SCA, observou-se um aumento não significativo nas taxas de eventos cardiovasculares adversos importantes com o uso de BF comparado ao uso de SF de segunda geração para o tratamento de RIS, principalmente pelo aumento na taxa de mortalidade. É necessário um ensaio clínico controlado, randomizado, com poder estatístico adequado para confirmar esses achados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/instrumentation , Paclitaxel/therapeutic use , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects , Prosthesis Design , Time Factors , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/adverse effects , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/methods , Multivariate Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Risk Assessment , Coated Materials, Biocompatible , Coronary Restenosis/mortality , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Acute Coronary Syndrome/mortality
5.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 106(6): 541-543, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787324

ABSTRACT

Abstract We describe the treatment of a patient presenting with very-late stent thrombosis with the use of a drug-coated balloon. In this patient, optical coherence tomography disclosed that ruptured and complicated neoatherosclerosis was the underlying substrate responsible for the episode of very-late stent thrombosis. The potential use of drug-coated balloons in this unique scenario is discussed.


Resumo Descrevemos o tratamento de um paciente apresentando trombose de stent muito tardia com a utilização de um balão farmacológico. Nesse paciente, a tomografia de coerência ótica revelou que a neoaterosclerose apresentava-se complicada e com ruptura, sendo portanto o substrato subjacente responsável pelo episódio de trombose de stent muito tardia. O uso potencial de balões farmacológicos nesse cenário especial é discutido.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Thrombosis/therapy , Angioplasty, Balloon , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Atherosclerosis/complications , Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects , Coronary Thrombosis/etiology , Coronary Restenosis/etiology , Coronary Restenosis/diagnostic imaging
6.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 26(2): 128-133, abr.-jun.2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796517

ABSTRACT

Aproximadamente 30% dos pacientes que se apresentam com quadro de síndrome coronariana aguda têm revascularização prévia do miocárdio. Os eventos coronarianos subsequentes à revascularização do miocárdio podem ocorrer por progressão da doença aterosclerótica no leito coronário nativo, evento relacionado ao stent (reestenose, trombose ou neoaterosclerose) ou evento relacionado à cirurgia de revascularização domiocárdio (degeneração ou oclusão de enxertos cirúrgicos). Esses pacientes que necessitamde um novo procedimento de revascularização têm perfil de alto risco, geralmente associado a doença renal crônica, diabetes mellitus, doença arterial periférica, além deelevada carga aterosclerótica no leito coronariano nativo, degeneração de enxertos de veia safena e reestenose de stents. Este cenário faz com que o segundo procedimento de revascularização tenha maior risco e maior complexidade. Neste artigo discutiremos as características clínicas e as possibilidades terapêuticas de pacientes com SCA e revascularização percutânea ou cirúrgica prévias.


Around 30% of patients who present acute coronary syndrome have undergone previous myocardial revascularization. Coronary events following myocardial revascularization can occur due to progression of atherosclerotic disease in the native coronary bed, an event related to the stent (restenosis, thrombosis or neoatherosclerosis) or to the myocardial revascularization surgery (degeneration or occlusion of surgical grafts). These patients who need a new revascularization procedure have a high-risk profile, generally associated with chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral arterial disease, as well as a high atherosclerotic burden in the native coronary bed, degeneration of grafts of the saphenous vein, and restenosis of stents. This scenario confers a higher risk and greater complexity on the second revascularization procedure. In this article, we discuss the clinical characteristics and therapeutic possibilities of patients with ACS and previous percutaneous or surgical revascularization.


Subject(s)
Humans , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Coronary Restenosis/diagnosis , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Angioplasty/methods , Acute Disease , Risk Factors , Stents , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Thrombosis/therapy , Coronary Vessels/surgery , Saphenous Vein , Heart Ventricles
7.
Brasília; CONITEC; 2015. tab, graf.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-874902

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A incorporação do cateter balão farmacológico para a reestenose intra-stent foi avaliada num primeiro momento em 2013 quando a CONITEC deliberou por sua não incorporação até que o stent farmacológico fosse avaliado para tratamento da mesma doença. Com a incorporação do stent farmacológico no SUS por meio da Portaria SCTIE/MS nº 29 de 28 de agosto de 2014, uma nova demanda para incorporação do cateter balão farmacológico foi apresentada. A reestenose intra-stent ocorre pela hiperplasia mio-intimal excessiva, reobstruindo a luz do vaso coronariano. Os tratamentos existentes no SUS para essa doença consistem na angioplastia através de cateter balão comum (não farmacológico), intervenção cirúrgica para revascularização e implantes de stent convencional e, agora também, de stent farmacológico. EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS: As evidências científicas parecem indicar que o uso do cateter balão farmacológico pode reduzir a perda tardia de luz no vaso e o risco de eventos adversos cardíacos maiores quando comparado com a angioplastia com balão comum, possuindo resultados semelhantes quando comparado ao implante de stents farmacológicos. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A evidência atualmente disponível sobre eficácia e segurança do cateter balão farmacológico para tratamento da reestenose intra-stent é baseada em revisão sistemática e estudos clínicos randomizados. Na revisão sistemática de Indermuehle et al.19 os dados indicam redução do risco de eventos adversos cardíacos maiores impulsionado principalmente por uma menor necessidade revascularização da lesão alvo. O risco de mortalidade também é reduzido em comparação à angioplastia com cateter balão comum. No tratamento da ISR comum, o cateter balão farmacológico mostrou-se superior ao balão de angioplastia comum e ao stent comum. Comparado ao stent farmacológico, os resultados foram semelhantes com a vantagem de o cateter balão farmacológico evitar o acúmulo de múltiplas camadas de stents, mas com a desvantagem de possuir um custo unitário bem mais elevado que o valor atual do stent farmacológico no SUS. DELIBERAÇÃO FINAL: Os membros da CONITEC presentes na reunião do plenário do dia 02/07/2015 deliberaram, por unanimidade, ratificar a recomendação de não incorporar o cateter balão farmacológico no tratamento da reestenose intra-stent. DECISÃO: Foi publicada a portaria nº 35, de 27 de julho de 2015, da decisão de não incorporar o cateter balão farmacológico para o tratamento de pacientes com reestenose coronariana intra-stent no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS. Publicação no DOU nº 141 de 27 de julho de 2015. DECISÃO: A PORTARIA Nº 35, de 24 de julho de 2015 - Torna pública a decisão de não incorporar o cateter balão farmacológico para o tratamento de pacientes com reestenose coronariana intra-stent no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Angioplasty, Balloon/methods , Coronary Restenosis/surgery , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Stents , Brazil , Cost-Benefit Analysis/economics , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Treatment Outcome , Unified Health System
8.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 22(4): 315-319, Oct-Dec/2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-744565

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Polímeros biodegradáveis foram desenvolvidos para reduzir a reação de hipersensibilidade associada aos polímeros duráveis dos stents farmacológicos de primeira geração, mantendo sua eficácia antiproliferativa e aumentado sua segurança. Avaliamos os resultados angiográficos de 9 meses e os resultados clínicos de longo prazo dos stents farmacológicos com polímeros biodegradáveis em pacientes com alto risco de reestenose. Métodos: Pacientes com diâmetro de referência ≤ 2,5 mm, extensão da lesão ≥ 15 mm, diabetes, ou uma combinação dessas características foram selecionados da população do estudo PAINT. Esses pacientes foram previamente randomizados e alocados para intervenção coronária percutânea recebendo os stents farmacológicos com polímeros biodegradáveis com sirolimus ou com paclitaxel ou stents metálicos, na razão 2:2:1. Resultados: Cento e setenta e oito pacientes foram tratados com stents farmacológicos com polímeros biodegradáveis (n = 142) ou stents metálicos (n = 36). No acompanhamento angiográfico de 9 meses, os primeiros mostraram menor perda tardia (0,40 ± 0,42 mm vs. 0,90 ± 0,47 mm; p < 0,01) e reestenose binária (7,4% vs. 25%; p < 0,01). No acompanhamento clínico de 5 anos, o grupo com stents farmacológicos com polímeros biodegradáveis mostrou menores taxas do desfecho combinado de morte cardíaca, infarto do miocárdio e revascularização do vaso-alvo (16,2% vs. 38,0%; p = 0,03), principalmente devido à redução da revascularização do vaso-alvo (9,9% vs. 36,1%; p < 0,01). Morte total, morte cardíaca e infarto do miocárdio não foram diferentes entre os grupos. A trombose do stent, provável ou definitiva, ocorreu em 2,8% vs. 0% (p = 0,30). Conclusões: Os stents farmacológicos com polímeros biodegradáveis eluidores de paclitaxel ou sirolimus foram eficazes na redução de reestenose angiográfica aos 9 meses e na necessidade de reintervenção por reestenose clínica em 5 anos, sem aumentar o risco de...


Background: Biodegradable polymers were developed to reduce the hypersensitivity reaction associated to durable polymers found with the first generation drug-eluting stents, while maintaining antiproliferative efficacy and increasing safety. This study evaluated the 9-month angiographic follow-up and long-term clinical outcomes of biodegradable polymer-coated drug-eluting stents compared with identical platform metallic stents in patients with high-risk for restenosis. Methods: Patients with a reference diameter ≤ 2.5 mm, lesion length ≥ 15 mm, diabetes, or a combination of these characteristics were selected from the population of the PAINT trial. These patients were previously randomized and allocated for percutaneous coronary intervention with either a sirolimus-eluting biodegradable polymer-coated stent, a paclitaxel-eluting biodegradable polymer-coated stent, or an identical metallic platform stent, at a ratio of 2:2:1. Results: One hundred and seventy-eight patients were treated with biodegradable polymer-coated drug-eluting stents (n = 142) or bare metal stents (n = 36). At the 9-month angiographic follow-up, biodegradable polymercoated drug-eluting stents had lower rates of late loss (0.40 ± 0.42 mm vs. 0.90 ± 0.47 mm; p < 0.01) and binary restenosis (7.4% vs. 25%; p <0.01). In the 5-year clinical follow-up, the group with biodegradable polymer-coated drug-eluting stents had lower rates of the composite endpoint of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization (16.2% vs. 38.0%; p = 0.03), especially due to the reduction of target vessel revascularization (9.9% vs. 36.1%; (p 0.01). Total death, cardiac death and myocardial infarction were not different among groups. 0% (p = 0.30). Conclusions: Paclitaxel or sirolimus-eluting biodegradable polymer-coated stents were effective in reducing angiographic restenosis at 9 months and the need of reintervention for clinical restenosis in 5...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Coronary Angiography/methods , Polymers/therapeutic use , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Stents , Drug-Eluting Stents , Coronary Thrombosis/therapy , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Risk Assessment/methods , Paclitaxel/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Sirolimus/therapeutic use , Coronary Vessels/surgery
10.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 22(2): 183-187, Apr-Jun/2014. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-722251

ABSTRACT

A intervenção coronariana percutânea com balão farmacológico surgiu como estratégia adjunta no cenário da Cardiologia Intervencionista. Em comparação com o stent farmacológico, o balão farmacológico oferece vantagens, como a liberação imediata e homogênea do fármaco na parede arterial, a ausência de polímeros que podem induzir a reações inflamatórias crônicas e o potencial de utilizar a dupla antiagregação plaquetária por menor tempo. Além disso, em algumas situações, não são desejáveis implantes adicionais de stents, o que torna essa modalidade uma opção interessante. Relatamos aqui o caso de uma paciente em síndrome coronariana aguda, em que foi feita a opção por esse tipo de intervenção em uma reestenose de stent não farmacológico em óstio de artéria descendente anterior...


Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting balloons has emerged as an adjunctive strategy in the setting of Interventional Cardiology. When compared to drug-eluting stents, drug-eluting balloons offer advantages such as immediate and homogeneous drug release in the arterial wall, absence of polymers that can induce chronic inflammatory reactions, and the potential for using dual antiplatelet therapy for a shorter period of time. Furthermore, in some situations, additional stenting is not desirable, which turns this modality into an interesting option. We report the case of a patient with acute coronary syndrome in whom this intervention was chosen to treat an ostial left anterior descending artery in-stent restenosis...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Stents/adverse effects , Coronary Vessels/physiopathology , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Paclitaxel/therapeutic use , Acute Coronary Syndrome/complications , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy
11.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-162126

ABSTRACT

The third generation biodegradable Drug Eluting Stent (DES) are being evaluated and being introduced in clinical practice. They have been DESigned to overcome limitations associated with durable polymer and a persistent metallic stent scaffold which could be related to late target lesion revascularization (TLR) and very late stent thrombosis (VLST). Although a recent pooled data analysis found that biodegradable polymer stents were superior for TLR and VLST compared with first generation Sirolimus Eluting Stent (SES), superiority has not been demonstrated against second generation Everolimus eluting stents (EES) and is yet to be conclusively proven in randomized trials. This paper reviews the key features, recent trial data, and future directions of the third generation of DES technology including stents with fully biodegradable scaffolds, stents with biodegradable polymer, and polymer free stents.


Subject(s)
Absorbable Implants , Biodegradable Plastics , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Drug-Eluting Stents/standards , Drug-Eluting Stents/therapeutic use , Drug-Eluting Stents/trends , Drug-Eluting Stents/statistics & numerical data , Humans
12.
Brasília; CONITEC; 2013. ilus, tab.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-875514

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A reestenose intra-stent ocorre pela hiperplasia mio-intimal excessiva, reobstruindo a luz do vaso. O tratamento existente no SUS consiste na angioplastia através de cateter balão comum, stent não farmacológico e intervenção cirúrgica para revascularização. Considerando que o stent é um dispositivo que passou a ser universalmente utilizado no tratamento da doença arterial coronariana, a reestenose intra-stent surge como um problema desafiador na cardiologia intervencionista. Considerando o número de internações no SUS por doenças isquêmicas do coração e o número de angioplastias com colocação de stents realizadas, pode-se estimar mais de 60 mil procedimentos deste tipo a cada ano. A literatura demonstra que a reestenose intra-stent pode ocorrer em aproximadamente 20% destes procedimentos quando utilizado o stent não farmacológico. A TECNOLOGIA: O cateter balão farmacológico SeQuent® Please é um cateter balão libertador de fármaco para o tratamento de vasos coronários. O fármaco está inserido numa matriz degradável e fisiologicamente inerte, tendo como componente principal a iopromida. Possui revestimento ativo farmacológico localizado na superfície do balão, que contém 3µg de paclitaxel por mm2. O paclitaxel é uma droga quimioterápica potente prescrita em tratamentos de neoplasia que interfere o processo de divisão celular. EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS: As evidências científicas parecem indicar que a aplicação do cateter balão farmacológico pode ser um tratamento promissor para a reestenose intra-stent, reduzindo a perda tardia de luz no vaso e o risco para eventos adversos cardíacos maiores quando comparado com a angioplastia com balão convencional, e possuindo resultados semelhantes quando comparado à implantação de stents farmacológicos. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A evidência atualmente disponível sobre eficácia e segurança do Cateter Balão Farmacológico SeQuent Please para tratamento da reestenose intra-stent é baseada em revisão sistemática e estudos clínicos randomizados, com grau de recomendação 1A e nível de evidência A. Neste sentido, os resultados apresentados pelos referidos estudos sugerem que o uso do cateter balão farmacológico é uma alternativa eficaz no tratamento da reestenose intra-stent. DELIBERAÇÃO FINAL: Os membros da CONITEC presentes na 20º reunião ordinária, realizada nos dias 06/11 e 07/11/2013, deliberaram, por unanimidade, por recomendar a não incorporação do cateter balão farmacológico no tratamento da reestenose coronariana intra-stent. Foi assinado o Registro de Deliberação nº 71/2013. DECISÃO: PORTARIA Nº 3, de 29 de janeiro de 2014 - Torna pública a decisão de não incorporar o cateter balão farmacológico no tratamento da reestenose coronariana intra-stent no Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Angioplasty, Balloon/methods , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Drug-Eluting Stents , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Brazil , Cost-Benefit Analysis/economics , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Unified Health System
13.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine ; : 25-32, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-43811

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to develop a novel polymer cuff for the local delivery of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) to inhibit neointimal formation in vivo. The polymer cuff was fabricated by incorporating the ALA into poly-(D,L-lactide-co-caprolactone) 40:60 (PLC), with or without methoxy polyethylene glycol (MethoxyPEG). The release kinetics of ALA and in vitro degradation by hydrolysis were analyzed by HPLC and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), respectively. In vivo evaluation of the effect of the ALA-containing polymer cuff was carried out using a rat femoral artery cuff injury model. At 24 h, 48% or 87% of the ALA was released from PCL cuffs with or without MethoxyPEG. FE-SEM results indicated that ALA was blended homogenously in the PLC with MethoxyPEG, whereas ALA was distributed on the surface of the PLC cuff without MethoxyPEG. The PLC cuff with MethoxyPEG showed prolonged and controlled release of ALA in PBS, in contrast to the PLC cuff without MethoxyPEG. Both ALA-containing polymer cuffs had a significant effect on the inhibition of neointimal formation in rat femoral artery. Novel ALA-containing polymer cuffs made of PLC were found to be biocompatible and effective in inhibiting neointimal formation in vivo. Polymer cuffs containing MethoxyPEG allowed the release of ALA for one additional week, and the rate of drug release from the PLC could be controlled by changing the composition of the polymer. These findings demonstrate that polymer cuffs may be an easy tool for the evaluation of anti-restenotic agents in animal models.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Delayed-Action Preparations , Materials Testing , Polyesters/administration & dosage , Polyethylene Glycols/chemical synthesis , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Surface Properties
14.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 91(5): 348-360, nov. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-501815

ABSTRACT

O tratamento da doença cardiovascular mudou radicalmente nas últimas duas décadas, proporcionando aos pacientes uma sobrevida maior e melhor qualidade de vida. Grande parte desse sucesso deve-se à introdução de novas terapias. Em nenhuma outra área essa mudança foi mais evidente do que na cardiologia intervencionista, pois nos últimos vinte anos as intervenções cardiovasculares percutâneas saíram do terreno experimental para formar a base terapêutica dos portadores de doença cardiovascular sintomática. O desenvolvimento dessas tecnologias, desde os primeiros estágios, requer a realização de estudos pré-clínicos com modelos animais. É possível compreender os mecanismos terapêuticos desses dispositivos, uma vez introduzidos na esfera clínica, comparando-se os achados das pesquisas realizadas com modelos animais com amostras de exames anatomopatológicos. Esta análise apresenta uma visão geral do papel emergente dos estudos pré-clínicos, bem como dos resultados, do desenvolvimento e da avaliação de modelos amimais, nas tecnologias de intervenção cardiovascular percutânea para tratamento de pacientes com doença cardiovascular sintomática.


The treatment of cardiovascular disease has changed dramatically over the past 2 decades, allowing patients to live longer and better quality lives. The introduction of new therapies has contributed much to this success. Nowhere has this been more evident than in interventional cardiology, where percutaneous cardiovascular intervention has evolved in the past 2 decades from a quirky experimental procedure to a therapeutic cornerstone for patients with symptomatic cardiovascular disease. The development of these technologies from the earliest stages requires preclinical experiments using animal models. Once introduced into the clinical arena, an understanding of therapeutic mechanisms of these devices can be ascertained through comparisons of animal model research findings with clinical pathological specimens. This review provides an overview of the emerging role, results of preclinical studies and development, and evaluation of animal models for percutaneous cardiovascular intervention technologies for patients with symptomatic cardiovascular disease.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rabbits , Rats , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/methods , Chronic Disease , Coronary Occlusion/therapy , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Heart Valve Diseases/therapy , Swine , Stents/adverse effects , Stents/classification
15.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 17(1): 11-19, jan.-mar. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-458214

ABSTRACT

Desde 2002, estão disponíveis, para uso clínico, no Brasil e em vários países do mundo, os stents com liberação de sirolimus (Cypher) e de paclitaxel (Taxus). Esses instrumentais, foram primeiramente testados, em nosso Serviço, em pacientes que constituíam o registro FIM (First in Man), cujas avaliações sequenciais de 4 meses, 12 meses, 24 meses e 48 meses foram de grande impacto, pela observação da importante e mantida redução da reestenose na evolução tardia. O stent liberador de paclitaxel (Taxus) foi introduzido no mercado cerca de um ano após, mostrando, igualmente, bons resultados clínicos e excelente aceitação por parte dos intervencionistas. Até o momento, dispomos de seis estudos comparativos entre Cypber e Taxus (TAXI, REALITY, SIRTAX, CORPAL, ISAR-DESIRE), cujos resultados foram divulgados a partir de setembro de 2004. Desses estudos, os dois que recrutaram o maior número de casos foram o REALITY (n igual 1.353; 1.911 lesões) e o SIRTAX (n igual 1.012; 1.601 lesões). O stent com sirolimus produz maior inibição da hiperplasia...


Drug-eluting stents (DES) were first clinically and market approved in Brazil in 2002. Sirolimus-eluting stent (Cypher®) was initially tested in our service and the first patients to receive this new device were enrolled in the FIM (First in Man) registry. The sequential angiographic follow-up studies of this population (4, 12, 24 and 48 months) were determinant to demonstrate the sustained long term reduction in restenosis rates. Paclitaxel-eluting stent (Taxus®) was commercially approved one year later after equally encouraging preliminary clinical results and excellent acceptance from the interventionists. To the present there are six “head-to-head” studies comparing Cypher® to Taxus®: TAXI, REALITY, SIRTAX, CORPAL, ISAR-DIABETES and ISAR-DESIRE. Their preliminary results started to be released in September 2004. Two of these studies deserve special attention due to the large amount of patients enrolled: REALITY (1,353 patients, 1,911 lesions) and SIRTAX (1,012 patients, 1,601 lesions). Cypher® was shown to be more efficient than Taxus® in suppressing neointimal formation irrespective of the angiographic parameter analyzed: late minimal lumen diameter, percentage of stenosis, late lumen loss and net gain. However, in the REALITY study, this superiority did not translate into clinical benefit and both stents had equivalent angiographic restenosis (7.0% for Cypher® versus 8.3% for Taxus®; p = NS) and target-lesion revascularization (5.0% for Cypher® vs. 5.4% for Taxus®; p = NS). Conversely, in the SIRTAX, Cypher® proved to be significantly superior to Taxus® in reducing binary restenosis (6.7% vs. 11.9%; p = 0,01) and target-lesion revascularization (4.8% versus 8.3%; p = 0,01). The other four previously mentioned studies did not contribute with definite evidence of superiority of one over the other drug-eluting stents since they analyzed less complex populations (TAXI) or did not reflect the multicentric reality (ISAR-DIABETES, ISARDESIRE)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Stents , Thrombosis/complications , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Coronary Restenosis/complications , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Sirolimus/pharmacology
17.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 26(1): 57-61, 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499059

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La proliferación neointimal es la causa de la reestenosis coronaria intra stent (RIS). Recientemente, el implante de stents liberadores de drogas (DES) ha emergido como una alternativa efectiva de tratamiento endovascular. Material y método. Seleccionamos pacientes con RIS de stents no recubiertos tratados con DES en forma consecutiva en 3 centros chilenos. Luego del alta los pacientes fueron seguidos por al menos 12 meses. Resultados. De 21 pacientes (19 por ciento mujeres) entre 47 y 91 años tratados por al menos una lesión coronaria con RIS, 33,3 por ciento eran diabéticos y 14,3 por ciento tenían cirugía coronaria previa. Se presentaron de preferencia con síndromes coronarios agudos y la mayoría tenía enfermedad de 1 vaso (71,4 por ciento). Se trató sólo 1 lesión con RIS, implantándose en 15 pacientes DES recubierto con Sirolimus y en 6 con Paclitaxel. El largo promedio de stent implantado fue de27,7 mm (13-51 mm). Se obtuvo éxito en todos los casos y no hubo complicaciones isquémicas intrahospitalarias. Durante el seguimiento, sólo 2 pacientes presentaron reestenosis intrastent y uno de ellos, un anciano, falleció en forma súbita en el seguimiento. El 90 por ciento se mantuvo libre de eventos isquémicos en el seguimiento. Conclusión. El implante de DES aparece como una alternativa efectiva en el tratamiento de la RIS.


Background. Neointimal proliferation causes coronary intrastent restenosis (ISR). Recently, drug eluting stents(DES) have emerged as an effective therapeutic approach to treat ISRMethods. Consecutive patients from 3 centers with in stent restenosis after bare metal stent implantation were treated with DES. Patients were followed for 12 months after discharge.Results. Of 21 patients (19 percent females), 47 to 91 years old, with one or more intrastent restenosis, diabetes was present in 33 percent and previous coronary artery surgery in 14 percent. Most patients presented with acute coronary syndromes and 71 percent had single vessel disease. Only one lesion in each patient was treated with DES implantation, 15 with paclitaxel and 6 with sirolimus stents. Mean stent length was 27.7 mm (13-51). The procedure was successful in all patients and no ischemic complications were observed prior to discharge. During follow up 2 patients developed new intra stent restenosis and one of them died suddenly. 90 percent of patients were free from ischemic events at the end of follow up. Conclusion. DES appears to be an effective therapy to treat intra stent restenosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Stents , Sirolimus/administration & dosage , Chile , Follow-Up Studies
18.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 802-809, 2007.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-176608

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of abciximab-coated stent in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model. Ten abciximab-coated stents, ten sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), and ten paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) were deployed with oversizing (stent/artery ratio 1.3:1) in porcine coronary arteries, and histopathologic analysis was done at 28 days after stenting. There were no significant differences in the neointima area normalized to injury score and inflammation score among the three stent groups (1.58+/-0.43 mm2, 1.57+/-0.39 mm2 in abciximab-coated stent group vs. 1.69+/-0.57 mm2, 1.72+/-0.49 mm2 in the SES group vs. 1.92+/-0.86 mm2, 1.79+/-0.87 mm2 in the PES group, respectively). In the neointima, most inflammatory cells were lymphohistiocytes. Significant positive correlations were found between the extent of inflammatory reaction and the neointima area (r=0.567, p<0.001) and percent area stenosis (r=0.587, p<0.001). Significant correlations were found between the injury score and neointimal area (r=0.645, p<0.001), between the injury score and the inflammation score (r=0.837, p<0.001), and between the inflammation score and neointimal area (r=0.536, p=0.001). There was no significant difference in the inflammatory cell counts normalized to injury score among the three stent groups (75.5+/-23.1/microliter in abciximabcoated stent group vs. 78.8+/-33.2/microliter in the SES group vs. 130.3+/-46.9/microliter in the PES group). Abciximab-coated stent showed comparable inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration and neointimal hyperplasia with other drug-eluting stents in a porcine coronary restenosis model.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Arteries/injuries , Constriction, Pathologic , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Drug-Eluting Stents , Hyperplasia , Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/administration & dosage , Inflammation , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Sirolimus/administration & dosage , Swine , Tunica Intima/pathology
20.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 14(4): 351-357, out.-dez. 2006. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-441114

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A resposta vascular dos segmentos adjacentes aos stents liberadores de medicamentos continua sendo objeto de estudo, principalmente nos pacientes diabéticos (DM), nos quais a progressão da aterosclerose é mais freqüentemente observada. Recentemente, os fármacos Biolimus e Zotarolimus demonstraram eficácia semelhante ao Sirolimus na redução da hiperplasia intimal intra-stent. Objetivo: Comparar a resposta vascular tardia nas bordas proximais (BP) e distais (BD), entre DM e não-diabéticos (NDM) tratados com stents liberadores de sirolimus ou fármacos análogos (Biolimus e Zotarolimus), avaliada pelo ultra-som intracoronário (USIC). Método: Foram incluídos 153 pacientes (306 bordas) tratados com stents (53% Sirolimus, 26% Zotarolimus e 21% Biolimus) e divididos em dois grupos em relação à presença de diabetes: DM, 122 bordas e NDM, 166 bordas; 18 bordas foram excluídas. As análises pelo USIC foram realizadas nos 5 mm proximal e distal aos stents após o implante (basal) e no seguimento tardio (± 6 meses). Os volumes do vaso (VV), do lúmen (VL) e da placa (VP) foram calculados pela regra de Simpson. A porcentagem de obstrução (% Obs) e a variação dos volumes (Delta - Δ) entre seguimento e basal foram também calculados. Reestenose das bordas foi definida como uma obstrução >50% no seguimento. Resultados: A media para idade foi 58±9 anos, sendo 59% do sexo masculino. Não houve diferença nas características basais dos grupos...


Introduction: Late vascular response of the segments adjacent to proximal and distal edges of the drug-eluting stents is still not well established, particularly in diabetic patients who are prone to atherosclerosis plaque progression. Recently, new sirolimus-analogue eluting stents (Biolimus and Zotarolimus) have demonstrated potent antiproliferative effects. Objective: To compare the late vascular responses at proximal (PE) and distal (DE) edges of sirolimus analogue-eluting stents in patients with and without diabetes (DM or NDM) using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Method: 306 IVUS edge analyses were performed in 153 patients treated with drug-eluting stents(53% Sirolimus, 26% Zotarolimus, 21% Biolimus). Patients were divided in two groups: DM, 122 edges and NDM, 166 edges; 18 edges were excluded. IVUS analyses were performed post-intervention (PI) and after 6-month follow-up (FU) and included 5 mm distal and proximal to the stented segment. Vessel, lumen and plaque volumes were calculated by Simpon’s rule. Percentage of obstruction and volumes changes (FUminus PI values) were also calculated. Edge restenosis was defined as obstruction >50% at FU. Results: The mean age was 58±9 y, and 59% were male. The baseline characteristics were similar between groups. In both groups, the entire lesion length was totally covered (stent length / lesion length was 1.51 and 1.52). There were no significant differences in edge volumes between the two groups...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Stents , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Diabetes Mellitus , Coronary Restenosis , Sirolimus/pharmacology , Coronary Vessels , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Models, Statistical , Coronary Restenosis/pathology , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Sirolimus/analogs & derivatives , Coronary Vessels/pathology , Coronary Vessels
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